On Use of a Nominal Internal Model to Detect a Loss of Balance in a Maximal Forward Reach Journal Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • We hypothesize that the CNS detects a loss of balance by comparing outputs predicted by a nominal, forward internal model with actual sensory outputs. When the resulting control error signal reaches an anomalously large value, this control error anomaly (CEA) signals a loss of balance and precedes any observable compensatory response. To test this hypothesis, a multi-input, multi-output internal model of a standing forward reach task was developed that incorporated on-line model identification and a Gaussian failure detection algorithm. Eleven healthy young women were then asked to stand and reach forward to a target positioned from 95 to 125% of their maximum reach distance. Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded at 100 Hz unilaterally from the upper body, leg, and foot. Evidence of successful CEA detection was a compensatory step between 100 ms and 2 s later. The results show that use of a threshold, set at 3 SD from the mean, on error in the control of leg segment acceleration detected a CEA and correctly predicted a compensatory response in 92.6% of 108 trials. Leg acceleration control error was a better predictor than upper body or foot acceleration control error ( P = 0.000). CEA detection performed more reliably than loss of balance detection algorithms based on kinematic thresholds ( P = 0.000). The results support the hypothesis that a loss of balance may be identified via the use of a nominal forward internal model and probabilistic error monitoring.

publication date

  • March 1, 2007

has restriction

  • green

Date in CU Experts

  • January 17, 2014 12:03 PM

Full Author List

  • Ahmed AA; Ashton-Miller JA

author count

  • 2

Other Profiles

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0022-3077

Electronic International Standard Serial Number (EISSN)

  • 1522-1598

Additional Document Info

start page

  • 2439

end page

  • 2447

volume

  • 97

issue

  • 3