High-frequency persistence of an impaired allele of the retroviral defense gene TRIM5alpha in humans. Journal Article uri icon

Overview

abstract

  • The intracellular TRIM5alpha protein successfully inhibits HIV-1 infection in rhesus monkeys, but not in humans . A few amino acids in the virus-interacting SPRY domain were found to be responsible for most of this anti-viral specificity , raising the possibility that genetic variation among humans could result in TRIM5alpha proteins with a spectrum of potencies. We found several nonsynonymous SNPs at the human TRIM5 locus, but only one of these (H43Y) was found to have a significant functional consequence. We demonstrate that H43Y impairs TRIM5alpha restriction of two distantly related retroviruses. H43Y lies in the RING domain of TRIM5alpha and may negatively affect its putative E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. This detrimental allele dates back to before the African diaspora and is found at a frequency of 43% in indigenous Central and South Americans. We suggest that relaxed constraint due to a recent period of low retroviral challenge has allowed the deleterious H43Y mutation to persist and even to expand after the bottleneck that occurred upon human migration to the New World. The unexpectedly high frequency of an impaired retroviral restriction allele among humans is likely to have a significant impact on our ability to ward off future retroviral challenges.

publication date

  • January 10, 2006

Date in CU Experts

  • November 16, 2015 8:45 AM

Full Author List

  • Sawyer SL; Wu LI; Akey JM; Emerman M; Malik HS

author count

  • 5

Other Profiles

International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)

  • 0960-9822

Additional Document Info

start page

  • 95

end page

  • 100

volume

  • 16

issue

  • 1