GOLD Mission’s Observation about the Geomagnetic Storm Effects on the Nighttime Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) and Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPB) During a Solar Minimum Equinox | CU Experts

; The nighttime ionospheric response to a geomagnetic storm occurred on; 23-29 September 2020 is investigated over the South American, Atlantic,; and West African longitude sectors using NASA’s Global-scale; Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) measurements. On 27 September; the solar wind conditions were favorable for prompt penetration electric; fields (PPEF) to influence the equatorial ionosphere over extended; longitudes. The equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests were shifted; 8; o; -10; o; poleward compared to the; quiet time monthly mean across ~65; o; -; 35; o; W during the main phase. Ionosonde hmF2 (peak; electron density height) measurements from Fortaleza (GG:; -3.9; o; N and -38.4; o; W) indicated a; stronger prereversal enhancement this evening than other nights. As a; result, Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPB) occurred at these longitudes on; this evening. This is the first simultaneous investigation of EIA; morphology and EPB occurrence rate over an extended longitude range from; geostationary orbit during a geomagnetic storm.;

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